Kebiasaan minum teh panas dan kanker esofagus

Bagi penggemar minuman bersuhu tinggi sebaiknya berhati2 karena suhu tinggi berhubungan dengan timbulnya kanker esofagus.

Hal ini dibuktikan dalam penelitian di Iran. Minum teh panas berisiko 2 kali sedangkan minum teh sangat panas berisiko 8 kali terjadinya kanker esofagus. Minum teh lebih 2-3 menit setelah dituang berisiko 2,5 kali. Minum teh kurang 2 menit setelah dituang berisiko 5,5 kali.

 

Tea drinking habits and oesophageal cancer in a high risk area in northern Iran: population based case-control study

Farhad Islami, research fellow^1,2,3, Akram Pourshams, associate professor¹, Dariush Nasrollahzadeh, PhD student^1,4, Farin Kamangar, research fellow⁵, Saman Fahimi, PhD student^1,6, Ramin Shakeri, research fellow¹, Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani, pathologist¹, Shahin Merat, associate professor¹, Homayoon Vahedi, associate professor¹, Shahryar Semnani, associate professor and director⁷, Christian C Abnet, investigator⁵, Paul Brennan, group head², Henrik Møller, professor and director³, Farrokh Saidi, professor¹, Sanford M Dawsey, senior investigator⁵, Reza Malekzadeh, professor and director¹, Paolo Boffetta, group head and cluster coordinator²

¹ Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 14117 Tehran, Iran, ² International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, ³ King's College London, Thames Cancer Registry, London, ⁴ Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, ⁵ Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA, ⁶ Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, ⁷ Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran

Objective To investigate the association between tea drinking habits in Golestan province, northern Iran, and risk of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Design Population based case-control study. In addition, patterns of tea drinking and temperature at which tea was drunk were measured among healthy participants in a cohort study.

Setting Golestan province, northern Iran, an area with a high incidence of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Participants 300 histologically proved cases of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma and 571 matched neighbourhood controls in the case-control study and 48 582 participants in the cohort study.

Main outcome measure Odds ratio of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma associated with drinking hot tea.

Results Nearly all (98%) of the cohort participants drank black tea regularly, with a mean volume consumed of over one litre a day. 39.0% of participants drank their tea at temperatures less than 60°C, 38.9% at 60-64°C, and 22.0% at 65°C or higher. A moderate agreement was found between reported tea drinking temperature and actual temperature measurements (weighted 0.49). The results of the case-control study showed that compared with drinking lukewarm or warm tea, drinking hot tea (odds ratio 2.07, 95% confidence interval 1.28 to 3.35) or very hot tea (8.16, 3.93 to 16.9) was associated with an increased risk of oesophageal cancer. Likewise, compared with drinking tea four or more minutes after being poured, drinking tea 2-3 minutes after pouring (2.49, 1.62 to 3.83) or less than two minutes after pouring (5.41, 2.63 to 11.1) was associated with a significantly increased risk. A strong agreement was found between responses to the questions on temperature at which tea was drunk and interval from tea being poured to being drunk (weighted 0.68).

Conclusion Drinking hot tea, a habit common in Golestan province, was strongly associated with a higher risk of oesophageal cancer.