Cholesterol content of foods

Dairy Products	Portion	Cholesterol (mg)	Total Fat (g)	Saturated Fat (mg)
Milk (non-fat)	1 cup	4	0	0
Milk (low-fat)	1 cup	10	3	2
Milk (whole)	1 cup	33	8	5
Yogurt (non-fat)	1 cup	10	0	0
Yogurt (whole)	1 cup	29	7	5
Cheddar Cheese	1 oz	30	9	6
Cottage Cheese (low-fat)	1 cup	10	2	2

Fats	Portion	Cholesterol (mg)	Total Fat (g)	Saturated Fat (mg)
Butter	1 tsp	11	4	3
Margarine	1 tsp	0	4	1
Vegetable Oils	1 tsp	0	5	1 - 2

Meats & Protein	Portion	Cholesterol (mg)	Total Fat (g)	Saturated Fat (mg)
Tofu	1/2 cup	0	11	2
Pinto beans	1/2 cup	0	1	0
Egg	1	212	5	2
Halibut	3 ½ oz	41	3	0
Salmon	3 ½ oz	63	12	2
Oysters	3 ½ oz	55	2	1
Crab	3 ½ oz	52	1	0
Lobster	3 ½ oz	71	1	0
Tuna (in water)	3 ½ oz	30	1	0
Shrimp	3 ½ oz	194	1	0
Squid	3 ½ oz	231	1	0
Beef (ground, lean)	3 ½ oz	78	18	7
Beef (short ribs)	3 ½ oz	94	42	18
Beef (sirloin)	3 ½ oz	89	12	5
Beef Liver	3 ½ oz	389	5	2
Veal (top round)	3 ½ oz	135	5	2
Lamb (foreshank)	3 ½ oz	106	14	6
Ham	3 ½ oz	53	6	2
Pork (tenderloin)	3 ½ oz	79	6	2
Pork (chop)	3 ½ oz	85	25	10
Chicken Liver	3 ½ oz	631	6	2
Chicken (no skin)	3 ½ oz	85	5	1

Do early intake of fish and fish oil protect against eczema and doctor-diagnosed asthma at 2 years of age?

Penelitian ini mencari hubungan antara konsumsi ikan dan n-3 PUFA terhadap pencegahan penyakit alergi (asma dan eczema) pada anak. Apakah sebaiknya cod liver oil dan ikan dikonsumsi selama kehamilan atau diberikan kepada bayi?

 

Hasil penelitian terhadap >3000 anak menunjukkan bahwa umur rerata konsumsi ikan adalah 9,1 bulan. Bayi yang makan ikan sekali seminggu atau lebih mempunyai risiko alergi yang lebih rendah yaitu adjusted OR (aOR) segala jenis ikan 0.62 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.91 p=0.02), untuk ikan berlemak aOR 0.21 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.86 p=0.03) dan untuk ikan tak berlemak aOR 0.67 (95% CI 0.41 to 1.08 p=0.10). Hubungan antara maternal diet dan penyakit alergi pada usia 2 tahun tidak signifikan.

 

Kesimpulan untuk mencegah penyakit alergi konsumsi ikan pada bayi lebih unggul dibanding konsumsi ibu selama kehamilan. Konsumsi ikan lebih unggul dibanding konsumsi n-3 PUFA.

 

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Research report

Do early intake of fish and fish oil protect against eczema and doctor-diagnosed asthma at 2 years of age? A cohort study

2. Torbjørn Øien, 
3. Ola Storrø, 
4. Roar Johnsen

1. J Epidemiol Community Health 2010;64:124-129 doi:10.1136/jech.2008.084921

Abstract

Background There are ambiguous results regarding the role n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and fish might play in primary prevention of allergic diseases. The aim was to investigate the association between cod liver oil and fish consumption during pregnancy and in the first year of life and asthma and eczema at 2 years of age.

Methods From the Prevention of Allergy among Children in Trondheim study, a prospective birth cohort study in primary healthcare in Trondheim, Norway, 3086 children were followed prospectively from 1 year to approximately 2 years of age. The primary outcome variable was parental reported asthma and eczema at 2 years.

Results The mean age for introducing fish in the diet was 9.1 months. Excluding children with incident eczema before 1 year, a reduced risk of developing eczema was found if the child was eating fish once a week or more, adjusted OR (aOR) for any kind of fish 0.62 (95% CI 0.42 to 0.91 p=0.02), for oily fish aOR 0.21 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.86 p=0.03) and for lean fish aOR 0.67 (95% CI 0.41 to 1.08 p=0.10). The associations between maternal diet and eczema at 2 years and between the dietary factors and doctor-diagnosed asthma were all insignificant.

Conclusions Fish consumption in infancy was more important than maternal fish intake during pregnancy in preventing eczema in childhood. The intake of fish per se, not specifically n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, was most important in preventing eczema.

Metformin Extended Release Treatment of Adolescent Obesity

Metformin XR dapat digunakan untuk terapi obesitas pada remaja

 

Metformin Extended Release Treatment of Adolescent Obesity

A 48-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial With 48-Week Follow-up

Glaser Pediatric Research Network Obesity Study Group 

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010;164(2):116-123.

Background  Metformin has been proffered as a therapy for adolescent obesity, although long-term controlled studies have not been reported.

Objective  To test the hypothesis that 48 weeks of daily metformin hydrochloride extended release (XR) therapy will reduce body mass index (BMI) in obese adolescents, as compared with placebo.

Design  Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Setting  The 6 centers of the Glaser Pediatric Research Network from October 2003 to August 2007.

Participants  Obese (BMI >95th percentile) adolescents (aged 13-18 years) were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 39) or placebo groups.

Intervention  Following a 1-month run-in period, subjects following a lifestyle intervention program were randomized 1:1to 48 weeks' treatment with metformin hydrochloride XR, 2000 mg once daily, or an identical placebo. Subjects were monitored for an additional 48 weeks.

Main Outcome Measure  Change in BMI, adjusted for site, sex, race, ethnicity, and age and metformin vs placebo.

Results  After 48 weeks, mean (SE) adjusted BMI increased 0.2 (0.5) in the placebo group and decreased 0.9 (0.5) in the metformin XR group (P = .03). This difference persisted for 12 to 24 weeks after cessation of treatment. No significant effects of metformin on body composition, abdominal fat, or insulin indices were observed.

Conclusion  Metformin XR caused a small but statistically significant decrease in BMI when added to a lifestyle intervention program.