A Prospective Study of Weight Training and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Men

Efek olah raga aerobik untuk pencegahan diabetes telah lama diketahui. Bagaimana efek olah raga beban ?

 

Penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa olah raga beban juga efektif menurunkan risiko diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kombinasi keduanya adalah yang terbaik.

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A Prospective Study of Weight Training and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Men
Anders Grøntved, MPH, MSc; Eric B. Rimm, ScD; Walter C. Willett, MD, DrPH; Lars B. Andersen, PhD, DrMED; Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD
Arch Intern Med. Published online August 06, 2012. doi:10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3138

Background  The role of weight training in the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is largely unknown.
Methods  To examine the association of weight training with risk of T2DM in US men and to assess the influence of combining weight training and aerobic exercise, we performed a prospective cohort study of 32 002 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study observed from 1990 to 2008. Weekly time spent on weight training and aerobic exercise (including brisk walking, jogging, running, bicycling, swimming, tennis, squash, and calisthenics/rowing) was obtained from questionnaires at baseline and biennially during follow-up.
Results  During 508 332 person-years of follow-up (18 years), we documented 2278 new cases of T2DM. In multivariable-adjusted models, we observed a dose-response relationship between an increasing amount of time spent on weight training or aerobic exercise and lower risk of T2DM (P < .001 for trend). Engaging in weight training or aerobic exercise for at least 150 minutes per week was independently associated with a lower risk of T2DM of 34% (95% CI, 7%-54%) and 52% (95% CI, 45%-58%), respectively. Men who engaged in aerobic exercise and weight training for at least 150 minutes per week had the greatest reduction in T2DM risk (59%; 95% CI, 39%-73%).
Conclusions  Weight training was associated with a significantly lower risk of T2DM, independent of aerobic exercise. Combined weight training and aerobic exercise conferred a greater benefit.

Isolated Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Kadar kolesterol HDL rendah meningkatkan risiko PJK

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Circulation 124(19):2056-2064, 8 November 2011 © 2011 American Heart Association, Inc.
Isolated Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Coronary Heart Disease An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of 23 Studies in the Asia-Pacific Region.

Rachel R. Huxley, Federica Barzi, Tai Hing Lam, et al.

Abstract

 

Background—Previous studies have suggested that there is a novel dyslipidemic profile consisting of isolated low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level that is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease, and that this trait may be especially prevalent in Asian populations.
Methods and Results—Individual participant data from 220 060 participants (87% Asian) in 37 studies from the Asia-Pacific region were included. Low HDL-C (HDL <1.03 mmol/L in men and <1.30 mmol/L in women) was seen among 33.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.9–33.3) of Asians versus 27.0% (95% CI, 26.5–27.5) of non-Asians (P<0.001). The prevalence of low HDL-C in the absence of other lipid abnormalities (isolated low HDL-C) was higher in Asians compared with non-Asians: 22.4% (95% CI, 22.2–22.5) versus 14.5% (95% CI, 14.1–14.9), respectively (P<0.001). During 6.8 years of follow-up, there were 574 coronary heart disease and 739 stroke events. There was an inverse relationship between low HDL-C with coronary heart disease in all individuals (hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.31–1.87). In Asians, isolated low levels of HDL-C were as strongly associated with coronary heart disease risk as low levels of HDL-C combined with other lipid abnormalities (hazard ratio, 1.67 [95% CI, 1.27–2.19] versus 1.63 [95% CI, 1.24–2.15], respectively). There was no association between low HDL-C and stroke risk in this population (hazard ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.78 to 1.17] with nonisolated low HDL-C and 0.81 [95% CI, 0.67–1.00] with isolated low HDL-C).
Conclusion—Isolated low HDL-C is a novel lipid phenotype that appears to be more prevalent among Asian populations, in whom it is associated with increased coronary risk. Further investigation into this type of dyslipidemia is warranted.

Low-Density Lipoproteins Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease

Risiko PJK akibat LDL lebih disebabkan kandungan LDL yang mengandung apoC-III

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Circulation 124(19):2065-2072, 8 November 2011 © 2011 American Heart Association, Inc.
Low-Density Lipoproteins Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease.

Carlos O. Mendivil, Eric B. Rimm, Jeremy Furtado, Stephanie E. Chiuve, Frank M. Sacks.

Abstract

 

Background—Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) that contains apolipoprotein (apo) C-III makes up only 10% to 20% of plasma LDL but has a markedly altered metabolism and proatherogenic effects on vascular cells.
Methods and Results—We examined the association between plasma LDL with apoC-III and coronary heart disease in 320 women and 419 men initially free of cardiovascular disease who developed a fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction during 10 to 14 years of follow-up and matched controls who remained free of coronary heart disease. Concentrations of LDL with apoC-III (measured as apoB in this fraction) were associated with risk of coronary heart disease in multivariable analysis that included the ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, apoB, triglycerides, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other risk factors. In all models, the relative risks for the top versus bottom quintile of LDL with apoC-III were greater than those for LDL without apoC-III. When included in the same multivariable-adjusted model, the risk associated with LDL with apoC-III (relative risk for top versus bottom quintile, 2.38; 95% confidence interval, 1.54–3.68; P for trend <0.001) was significantly greater than that associated with LDL without apoC-III (relative risk for top versus bottom quintile, 1.25; 95% confidence interval, 0.76–2.05; P for trend=0.97; P for interaction <0.001). This divergence in association with coronary heart disease persisted even after adjustment for plasma triglycerides.
Conclusions—The risk of coronary heart disease contributed by LDL appeared to result to a large extent from LDL that contains apoC-III.